Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Battery Storage
3. Thermal Storage
4. Compressed Air Energy Storage
5. Mechanical Energy Storage
6. Hydrogen Energy Storage
7. HRESYS Company Solutions
8. References

Introduction

electric power storage systems are crucial for balancing supply and demand, enhancing grid reliability, and integrating renewable energy sources. Various technologies are employed to store energy, each with distinct characteristics and applications.

Battery Storage

Battery storage systems are widely utilized due to their efficiency and scalability. The most common types include:

• Lithium-ion Batteries: High energy density and efficiency (>90%) make them suitable for consumer electronics and electric vehicles.
• Lead-acid Batteries: Used in automotive and backup power systems; they offer low cost but have a lower energy density.
• Sodium-sulfur Batteries: High energy density and suitable for utility-scale applications, operating at high temperatures (300-350°C).
• Flow Batteries: Featuring separate liquid storage tanks, they provide scalability and long cycle life (>10,000 cycles).

Thermal Storage

Thermal energy storage systems capture heat for later use, commonly employed in solar power plants and HVAC systems.

• Sensible Heat Storage: Utilizes materials like water or molten salts, achieving temperatures up to 565°C in solar applications.
• Latent Heat Storage: Uses phase change materials, offering high energy density and a stable temperature range.
• Thermochemical Storage: Achieves high energy density through reversible chemical reactions, ideal for long-duration storage.

Compressed Air Energy Storage

This technology stores energy by compressing air and storing it in underground caverns or tanks. Upon demand, the air is heated and expanded through turbines. Typical efficiencies range from 41% to 54%.

Mechanical Energy Storage

Mechanical systems include technologies such as pumped hydroelectric storage and flywheels.

• Pumped Hydroelectric Storage: Most prevalent form of storage, with significant capacity (up to 3000 MW) and high efficiency (70%-85%).
• Flywheels: Suitable for short-term storage and stabilization, offering high power density and rapid response.

Hydrogen Energy Storage

Hydrogen storage involves converting electricity into hydrogen via electrolysis. While the conversion efficiency is typically around 30% to 40%, it offers long-term storage potential.

HRESYS Company Solutions

HRESYS specializes in advanced energy storage solutions, offering a range of products tailored for various applications.

• HRESYS Lithium-ion Systems: Feature high reliability and efficiency, ideal for residential and commercial energy management.
• HRESYS Flow Batteries: Provide scalable energy storage for grid applications, capable of long-duration energy supply.
• HRESYS Hydrogen Solutions: Focus on green hydrogen production, offering sustainable energy storage.

References

1. Smith, J., & Wang, L. (2022). Energy Storage Technologies: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Energy Storage, 36, 102197.
2. International Energy Agency. (2021). Technology Roadmap: Energy Storage. IEA Publications.
3. HRESYS. (2023). Company Solutions Overview. Retrieved from https://www.hresys.com/solutions