Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Overview of lead acid storage batteries
3. Working Principle
4. Components of Lead Acid Batteries
5. Electrochemical Reactions
6. HRESYS Company Solutions
7. References

Introduction

Lead acid storage batteries have been a cornerstone of energy storage technology for over a century. Their reliability and relatively low cost make them a popular choice for many applications, including automotive, backup power, and renewable energy systems.

Overview of Lead Acid Storage Batteries

Lead acid batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that uses lead dioxide and sponge lead for the electrodes and sulfuric acid as the electrolyte. They offer a balance of performance, cost, and availability that has made them enduringly popular. Typically, these batteries have a nominal voltage of 2 volts per cell.

Working Principle

The operation of lead acid batteries is based on the conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy. During discharge, the chemical reactions between lead dioxide, sponge lead, and sulfuric acid produce electrical energy, water, and lead sulfate. In the charging process, these reactions are reversed.

Components of Lead Acid Batteries

The main components of a lead acid battery include the electrodes (positive and negative plates), separator, electrolyte, and case. The positive plate is made of lead dioxide, while the negative plate consists of sponge lead. Each cell of a lead acid battery provides approximately 2 volts, and cells are connected in series to achieve the desired voltage.

Electrochemical Reactions

During discharge, lead dioxide (PbO₂) at the positive plate reacts with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to produce lead sulfate (PbSO₄), water (H₂O), and electrons. Simultaneously, the sponge lead (Pb) at the negative plate reacts with sulfuric acid to also form lead sulfate and release electrons. The overall reaction is expressed as:

PbO₂ + Pb + 2H₂SO₄ → 2PbSO₄ + 2H₂O

Conversely, during charging, electrical energy is used to convert lead sulfate and water back into lead dioxide, sponge lead, and sulfuric acid.

HRESYS Company Solutions

HRESYS is a prominent manufacturer offering advanced lead acid battery solutions, focusing on enhanced capacity, longer life cycles, and improved safety features. Their products are designed for a range of applications, such as renewable energy storage, telecommunications, and electric vehicles.

Some of the key specifications of HRESYS lead acid batteries include:

• Cycle life: 1500 cycles at 50% Depth of Discharge (DoD)
• Nominal voltage: 12V, 24V, 48V
• Capacity range: 100Ah to 3000Ah
• Operational temperature range: -20°C to +50°C

References

1. Rand, D.A.J., et al. Valve-Regulated Lead–Acid Batteries. Elsevier, 2004.
2. Berndt, D. Maintenance-Free Batteries. John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
3. HRESYS Official Website. Retrieved from hresys.com